В статье исследуются современное состояние, ключевые тенденции и перспективные направления развития страхового рынка Республики Казахстан в условиях последовательной цифровизации национальной экономики. В современных социально-экономических условиях институт страхования выступает одним из значимых элементов финансовой системы государства, обеспечивающим защиту имущественных и личных интересов физических и юридических лиц, перераспределение рисков и формирование долгосрочных инвестиционных ресурсов. Особое внимание уделено процессам цифровой трансформации страхового сектора, связанным с внедрением цифровых платформ, технологий искусственного интеллекта, анализа больших данных, облачных вычислений, мобильных приложений и автоматизированных систем обработки страховых случаев. Рассмотрено влияние цифровизации на доступность страховых продуктов, оперативность заключения договоров, оценку страховых рисков, урегулирование страховых случаев и качество взаимодействия страховых организаций с клиентами. Проанализированы основные показатели функционирования страхового рынка Республики Казахстан, структура страховых премий, динамика развития страхования жизни и уровень проникновения страхования в экономику страны. Выявлены факторы, ограничивающие дальнейшее развитие рынка, включая недостаточный уровень страховой культуры населения, неравномерность цифровой инфраструктуры, необходимость совершенствования нормативно-правового регулирования, риски информационной безопасности и защиты персональных данных. На основе сравнительного анализа отечественного и зарубежного опыта определены приоритетные направления дальнейшей цифровой трансформации страховой отрасли. Сделан вывод о необходимости комплексного развития цифровой инфраструктуры, InsurTech-решений, государственного регулирования, кибербезопасности, финансовой и страховой грамотности населения в целях повышения устойчивости и конкурентоспособности страхового рынка Республики Казахстан.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BTOUEcon3.2026/163-182

2026

Выпуск 3

Цифровая трансформация экономики существенно изменяет содержание предпринимательской деятельности, формируя новые способы организации бизнес-процессов, взаимодействия с потребителями и выхода на рынки. Актуальность исследования обусловлена ускорением цифровизации экономики Казахстана, ростом роли цифровых технологий в деятельности малого и среднего бизнеса и необходимостью обеспечения их адаптации к новым условиям конкуренции. В статье исследуются экономические механизмы развития цифрового предпринимательства в Республике Казахстан на примере Восточно-Казахстанской области. Рассматриваются теоретические подходы к сущности цифрового предпринимательства, роль цифровой инфраструктуры, платформенных решений, финансово-экономических инструментов и государственной поддержки. Особое внимание уделено развитию малого и среднего предпринимательства региона, использованию маркетплейсов, электронных платежных сервисов, социальных сетей и цифровых государственных услуг. На основе анализа зарубежного и отечественного опыта определены основные факторы, способствующие цифровой трансформации предпринимательства, а также ограничения, связанные с неравномерностью цифровых компетенций, доступом к финансированию, дефицитом квалифицированных IT-кадров и уровнем развития инновационной инфраструктуры. Сделан вывод о необходимости комплексного сочетания институциональных, финансовых, инфраструктурных, технологических и кадровых механизмов для устойчивого развития цифрового предпринимательства в регионах Казахстана.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BTOUEcon3.2026/321-334

2026

Выпуск 3

Совершенствование государственного управления системой эпидемиологического контроля и надзора за инфекционными заболеваниями в Республике Казахстан является приоритетным направлением в условиях стремительной глобализации, увеличения рисков возникновения новых патогенных возбудителей, трансграничного завоза карантинных инфекционных болезней и высокого экономического бремени для всех отраслей в случае повторения эпидемии или пандемии. Цель данного исследования - провести анализ нормативно-правовых актов в сфере санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия, а также оценить эффективность реализации государственного управления системой эпидемиологического надзора за инфекционными заболеваниями в Республике Казахстан. В методологии исследования применяются сравнительный анализ действующих и утративших силу нормативно-правовых актов Республики Казахстан и оценка эффективности функционирования системы эпидемиологического надзора на основе динамики показателей инфекционной заболеваемости на 100 000 населения. Результаты исследования выявили значительные пробелы в законодательной базе, а также ряд институциональных проблем, связанных с санитарной охраной государственных границ. Отмечена низкая эффективность национальной программы вакцинации населения против кори при стабильно высоком показателе охвата вакцинацией подлежащего контингента. В заключении представлены рекомендации по оптимизации регулирования государственной политики в сфере санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия и определены ключевые направления развития на основе успешного зарубежного опыта.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BTOUEcon3.2026/121-141

2026

Выпуск 3

The purpose of the research is to contrast ESG rating practices in Chinese and Kazakhstani banking industries, representing countries at different levels of ESG institutionalization. The methodology used in the research is a multi-method qualitative and descriptive study involving comparative approach, descriptive analysis, and case study methods. The Chinese sample consists of five largest banks operating in China – ICBC, CCB, ABC, CMB, and CITIC. They were evaluated according to Huazheng ESG index during 2020-2025. For Kazakh sample, there are five banks involved – Bank CenterCredit, Jusan Bank, Otbasy Bank, Development Bank of Kazakhstan, and Halyk Bank, which were evaluated according to the external ratings offered by S&P Global CSA, Sustainable Fitch, and MSCI/Sustainalytics. Overall, there are thirteen sources analyzed, out of which twelve represent peer-reviewed articles found within the Scopus database and academic journals of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The last source represents an official normative act of Astana Financial Services Authority (AFSA). In general, China has created a full-fledged dual-system of ESG rating including domestic providers (Huazheng ESG), along with international agencies under strong regulations and regular data updating. On the other hand, the Kazakhstan banking industry is still at the beginning of its ESG evolution path. It is completely based on internationally recognized rating methodologies. There are no domestic rating systems in place; there is an immature regulatory system, and poor data availability, with the first ratings disclosed in 2022–2024 years, except for Halyk Bank that obtained its first MSCI rating in 2020. This work adds to the literature on comparative ESG studies by providing a well-developed institution-based bilateral analysis of a less studied country pair.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BTOUEcon3.2026/267-282

2026

Выпуск 3

This article examines the current trends and priority areas of economic cooperation between Kyrgyzstan and the Gulf countries, with particular attention to Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and Kuwait. The study focuses on the role of trade, investment, logistics, energy, agriculture, tourism, and Islamic finance in expanding Kyrgyzstan’s external economic relations. As a landlocked country, Kyrgyzstan faces structural limitations in accessing global markets; therefore, cooperation with the Gulf countries should be viewed not only as a means of increasing trade turnover, but also as a strategic opportunity for attracting investment, diversifying exports, improving transport connectivity, and financing infrastructure projects. The article applies a descriptive and analytical approach based on statistical data, official documents, policy materials, and relevant academic literature. The analysis shows that although the current scale of Kyrgyzstan–Gulf economic cooperation remains relatively limited, its long-term potential is significant. Promising areas include renewable energy, agricultural exports, halal and mountain tourism, logistics corridors, direct air connectivity, and Islamic financial instruments. The study argues that Kyrgyzstan should develop a more targeted Gulf-oriented economic strategy focused on investment attraction, export promotion, infrastructure development, and institutional coordination with Gulf partners.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BTOUEcon3.2026/356-369

2026

Выпуск 3

Official statistics from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan formed the basis of this study. The research focuses on food price affordability in Kazakhstan during periods of external economic shocks. Price indices for the 2015 and 2020 crises and average prices for 19 socially important food products from 2022 to 2026 were examined. Food price dynamics were examined by comparing the effects of the national currency devaluation, the COVID-19 pandemic, and geopolitical instability. Changes in the prices of individual food products were analyzed, and price growth rates were calculated for the main commodity groups. The study identified the product categories most sensitive to external factors and revealed differences in price dynamics depending on the nature of the crisis. The findings indicate that currency, logistical, and geopolitical shocks accelerate food inflation and affect different groups of socially important food products unevenly. The highest price increases were observed for vegetables, dairy products, and meat products, while several non-perishable commodities demonstrated price stabilization following a period of sharp growth. The results may contribute to the evaluation of the domestic food market and support decision-making on food security in Kazakhstan.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BTOUEcon3.2026/183-193

2026

Выпуск 3

The article is devoted to new patterns and paradigms of public revenue management on the case of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The research is topical due to the high budget dependence on the transfers from the National Fund, poor non-oil tax base and need for digitalization of tax administration. The objective of the study is to consider the dynamics of state budget revenues for the period 2018-2024, disclose institutional restrictions and juxtapose national practice and foreign experience (EU, Canada, South Korea, Singapore, Estonia). The research method includes comparative analysis, data statistical processing, regulatory analysis, and a case study of the use of digital tools (ESF, online KKM, e-Salyq Business). The official statistics of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the State Revenue Committee and the Supreme Audit Chamber, and international organizations (OECD, IMF, World Bank) are employed in the research. Statistics indicated that in 2024 tax revenues fell by 4.7%, non-tax revenues by 25.7%, transfers rose by 35.5% and amounted to over 31% of budget revenues. This is reflective of ongoing reliance on oil revenues. Meanwhile, digitalization has allowed administrative transparency to be improved and VAT tax gap to be narrowed. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the reconciliation of an extensive comparison of both domestic and international revenue management models. Practical value lies in the explanation of suggestions for reducing transfer dependence, maximizing the non-oil tax base, making the Supreme Audit Chamber more powerful and creating true results-based budgeting.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BTOUEcon3.2026/194-212

2026

Выпуск 3

This paper develops and numerically investigates a dynamic model for assessing the effectiveness of digital marketing channels in promoting agricultural products in Kazakhstan. The model describes the joint evolution of brand awareness, customer base, and cumulative revenue under the influence of marketing investments and seasonal demand fluctuations. The core of the approach is a system of three nonlinear ordinary differential equations, where the state variables represent brand awareness A(t), number of active customers C(t), and cumulative revenue S(t). Digital channels are modeled through control functions u_i (t), which affect both awareness and direct sales, while seasonality is represented by a sinusoidal term in the awareness equation. A numerical experiment is carried out for a 24 month planning horizon with a total digital marketing budget of 10 million KZT, equally and constantly allocated among three channels (search advertising, social media, and marketplaces). Under this baseline strategy, brand awareness increases from 100 to approximately 420 conditional units, the customer base grows from 50 to about 1 650 active customers, and cumulative revenue reaches around 1.4 billion KZT equivalent by the end of the period. The instantaneous revenue rate rises from about 1.3 million KZT per month at the beginning to over 40 million KZT per month by month 24. The obtained results demonstrate a pronounced time lag between awareness growth and revenue acceleration, a saturation effect in the customer base due to limited market capacity, and a strong seasonal modulation of short term performance. The proposed model provides a quantitative basis for scenario analysis and future optimal allocation of digital marketing budgets in the agri food sector of Kazakhstan.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BTOUEcon3.2026/101-120

2026

Выпуск 3

The World Nomad Games have emerged as a significant catalyst in the tourism sector, promoting cultural identity and ethno-tourism on a worldwide scale. Cultural tourism destinations are of significant potential as tourists are changing their preferences, focusing on experiencing culture in a more authentic manner. This shift in tourist preferences has proved to be a significant factor in attracting investment. The aim of this research was to examine the role of cultural authenticity in engaging tourists and promoting global marketing of ethnic sports events. The study was based on the World Nomad Games 2024. The methodology adopted in the study was mixed, using both quantitative and qualitative content analysis, as well as EFAS analysis to evaluate the strategic position of the event. The findings indicated that the impact of cultural authenticity was positive on the engagement of tourists in terms of the visual attributes of the event, such as sports, music, and ethnic dishes. On the other hand, the fragmentation in the digital communication and operation was negative in terms of the overall efficiency in the marketing of the event.The present study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by adding the concept of existential authenticity in the analysis of social media and strategic evaluation tools in the context of ethnic sports events.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BTOUEcon3.2026/335-355

2026

Выпуск 3

Цифрлық трансформация – қазіргі уақыттағы мемлекеттік басқарудың ажырамас бөлігі. «Цифрлық трансформация» термині әр түрлі мағынада көрініс табады. Біреулер оны тек веб-сайт жасап құру деп түсінсе, басқалары - бүкіл мемлекеттік машинаны қайта құрастыру деп түсіндіреді. Бұл мақала Қазақстандағы цифрлық трансформацияның теориялық негіздерін, оның институционалдық кедергілерін және тәжірибелік нәтижелерін кешенді түрде зерттейд. Үш бағытта негізгі зерттеу жасалынды. Біріншіден, тұжырымдамалық база жасалынды, электрондық үкімет теориясы мен институционалдық экономика тұрғысынан. Еліміз үшін цифрлық трансформация - стратегиялық қажеттілік және ерікті таңдау. Халықтың 70%-ы интернетті белсенді пайдалана отырып, елдің цифрлық сауатты ұрпағы мемлекетке жаңа талаптар қояды. Бірақ жер аумағының ұлан-ғайыр болуы, халықтың шоғырлану деңгейінің айырмашылығы және жекелеген аймақтардағы инфрақұрылымның жеткіліксіздігі - бұл барлығы бірегей қиындықтар тудырады. Зеттреу барысында осы қиындықтардың табиғатын теориялық тұрғыдан талдап, тәжірибелік деректермен зерттеп, болашаққа нақты жол көрсетуге тырысуымыз керек. Екіншіден, ол статистикалық деректер, яғни 2022–2024 жылдар арасындағы деректер кесте түрінде талданды: EGDI индексі, egov.kz порталыныңнегізгі көрсеткіштері, кибербезқауіпсіздік мәселелері. Үшіншіден, барлық зерттеу барысында туындаған мәселелерге нақты ұсыныстар берілді - азаматтық дизайн, аймақтық теңдік, архитектуралық реформа, кадрлық саясат. Нәтижесінде анықталды: Қазақстан халықаралық рейтингтерде оң динамика көрсетсе де, ауылдық аймақтардағы цифрлық теңсіздік пен кибершабуылдардың өсуі шешуші мәселе болып қалады. Эстония, Сингапур және Грузия тәжірибесі негізінде ұсынылған шаралар мемлекеттің одан әрі дамуына нақты бағдар бере алады. Қазақстанда цифрлық трансформация мемлекеттік деңгейде белсенді дамытылуда. «Цифрлық Қазақстан» бағдарламасы 2018 жылы іске қосылды. 2021 жылы «Ақпараттандыру туралы» заңның жаңа редакциясы қабылданды. 2022 жылдан бастап «Цифрлық үкімет - 2025» Тұжырымдамасы жүзеге асырылуда. «Egov.kz» - мемлекеттік қызметтердің бірыңғай порталы - 2024 жылы 7,5 миллионнан астам тіркелген пайдаланушыны есептейді.Мақала мемлекеттік қызметкерлерге, зерттеушілерге және саясат жасаушыларға арналған.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BTOUEcon3.2026/304-320

2026

Выпуск 3